Published: August 31, 2008
TRANSCEND(TM) Trial Results Presented at European Society of Cardiology Congress and Published in The Lancet
RIDGEFIELD, Conn., Aug. 31 /PRNewswire/ -- The primary results of the
TRANSCEND(TM)* trial demonstrated that treatment with MICARDIS(R)
(telmisartan) 80mg in patients receiving current standard of care resulted in
an 8% reduction in the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, myocardial
infarction, stroke and hospitalization for congestive heart failure. This
reduction was not statistically significant (p=0.216; HR 0.92) compared to
patients receiving placebo in addition to current standard of care.(1)
Results of the main secondary endpoint of TRANSCEND as pre-specified in the
statistical plan demonstrated that telmisartan significantly reduced the risk
of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke in high-risk
cardiovascular patients by 13% compared with those patients already receiving
current standard of care (p=0.048).(1) This risk reduction was achieved
despite a high proportion of patients receiving proven therapies such as
statins, anti-platelet agents or beta blockers. The main secondary endpoint of
TRANSCEND mirrors the primary endpoint of the landmark HOPE trial.(2) A
post-hoc analysis to adjust for multiplicity and overlap with primary endpoint
showed a p-value of 0.068.(1) The results were presented today at the annual
meeting of the European Society of Cardiology inMunich, Germany and published
online in The Lancet.
In high-risk patients who cannot tolerate an angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitor, the TRANSCEND trial was designed to investigate potential
cardiovascular risk reduction benefits using the second-generation angiotensin
II receptor blocker (ARB) telmisartan. Telmisartan was compared to placebo on
top of standard therapy (including anti-hypertensives, anti-platelet therapy
and statins).
The TRANSCEND trial was part of the ONTARGET(TM) Trial Program, the
largest clinical trial ever undertaken with an ARB, involving more than 31,000
high-risk cardiovascular patients with either normal or controlled blood
pressure. The ONTARGET Trial Program was based on the design of the landmark
HOPE trial and encompassed two randomized, double-blind, multi-center
international outcome trials: ONTARGET**, the main trial with results
reported in March 2008,(3) and TRANSCEND, the parallel trial.
"Previously, the ONTARGET trial showed that telmisartan was as effective
as the ACE inhibitor ramipril in reducing the risk of cardio- and
cerebrovascular events, but with a lower rate of discontinuations. For high-
risk patients who cannot tolerate an ACE inhibitor, the TRANSCEND results
could represent an important step forward," said Michael Weber, M.D.,
professor of medicine at the State University of New York, Downstate College
of Medicine.
It was also published that all cardiovascular hospitalizations were
significantly reduced with telmisartan (894 vs. 980; p=0.025). Therapy with
telmisartan was well tolerated and showed a trend toward a lower rate of
discontinuation (640 patients discontinued taking telmisartan vs. 707 taking
placebo, p=0.051). The most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation
were hypotensive symptoms, syncope, cough, diarrhea, angioedema and renal
abnormalities.(1)
TRANSCEND included 5,926 patients from 40 countries who were at high risk
for cardiovascular disease (patients older than 55 years, who have had
myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, stroke or
transient ischaemic attacks or suffer from diabetes mellitus and additional
risk factors) and intolerant to widely-prescribed ACE inhibitors. Patients in
the trial were randomized to treatment with telmisartan 80mg/day or placebo.
It has been reported in medical literature that the incidence of patients
with hypertension who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors ranges between
10-39%,(4-6) which often leads to discontinuation of treatment leaving
patients unprotected. Side effects associated with ACE inhibitors include
intolerable cough and rare, but potentially life threatening, angioedema.(4-6)
"The landmark ONTARGET and TRANSCEND trials have contributed significant
and important clinical information to the cardiovascular community and could
help uncover new treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and care,"
said Thor Voigt, M.D., senior vice president, Medicine and Drug Regulatory
Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
About the ONTARGET Trial Program
The ONTARGET Trial Program was the largest clinical trial ever undertaken
with an ARB, involving more than 31,000 high-risk cardiovascular patients with
either normal or controlled blood pressure. The ONTARGET Trial Program
encompassed two randomized, double-blind, multi-center international outcome
trials: ONTARGET, the main trial, and TRANSCEND, the parallel trial.
ONTARGET evaluated more than 25,600 high-risk cardiovascular patients with
normal blood pressure or controlled high blood pressure and a history of a
broad range of cardiovascular diseases. The study found that telmisartan is
equally effective as the current standard, ramipril, in reducing the risk of
cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke and hospitalization for
congestive heart failure, and resulted in fewer discontinuations. Telmisartan
is now the only ARB to have demonstrated cardio and vascular risk reduction
benefits beyond lowering blood pressure in this high-risk population; these
benefits may be attributed to the specific pharmacological properties and mode
of action of the drug.(2)
The combined primary endpoint in both the TRANSCEND and ONTARGET trials
included cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal
stroke and hospitalization for congestive heart failure. The secondary
endpoint in the TRANSCEND trial was the effect of telmisartan treatment on the
incidence of newly diagnosed congestive heart failure, revascularization
procedures, newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, cognitive decline and dementia
and new onset of atrial fibrillation.
More than 700 sites throughoutAsia,Australia,New Zealand,Europe,
North/South America andSouth Africa participated in the ONTARGET Trial
Program. The ONTARGET Steering Committee consisted of scientists from
McMaster University inOntario, Canada; Oxford University inOxford, England;
the University ofAuckland inAuckland, New Zealand; and Boehringer Ingelheim.
The ONTARGET Trial Program was investigational and was conducted to expand
scientific knowledge of telmisartan. Note that the trial included treatment
for conditions outside the approved indication for telmisartan.
About Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death and
disability globally(7) and is responsible for one of every three deaths
worldwide -- an estimated 17 million people per year.(8) CVD causes more
deaths than cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes combined.(9) By
2020, it is predicted that CVD will surpass infectious diseases to become the
largest cause of death and disability worldwide.(10) It is also contributes
significantly to the escalating costs of health care. In 2006, the cost of
CVD in the U.S. was estimated at $403.1 billion.(11)
About Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., based inRidgefield, CT, is
the largest U.S. subsidiary of Boehringer Ingelheim Corporation (Ridgefield,
CT) and a member of the Boehringer Ingelheim group of companies.
The Boehringer Ingelheim group is one of the world's 20 leading
pharmaceutical companies. Headquartered in Ingelheim,Germany, it operates
globally with 135 affiliates in 47 countries and approximately 39,800
employees. Since it was founded in 1885, the family-owned company has been
committed to researching, developing, manufacturing and marketing novel
products of high therapeutic value for human and veterinary medicine.
In 2007, Boehringer Ingelheim posted net sales of US $15.0 billion (euro
10.9 billion) while spending approximately one-fifth of net sales in its
largest business segment, Prescription Medicines, on research and development.
For more information, please visit http://us.boehringer-ingelheim.com.
About Micardis(R) (telmisartan)
Telmisartan is marketed inthe United States by Boehringer Ingelheim as
MICARDIS(R) tablets. MICARDIS is indicated for the treatment of hypertension.
USE IN PREGNANCY
When used in pregnancy during the second and third trimesters, drugs that
act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and even death
to the developing fetus. When pregnancy is detected, MICARDIS tablets should
be discontinued as soon as possible (see WARNINGS, Fetal/Neonatal Morbidity
and Mortality).
Thiazides cross the placental barrier and appear in cord blood. There is
a risk of fetal or neonatal jaundice, thrombocytopenia, and possibly other
adverse reactions that have occurred in adults.
MICARDIS is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any of
their components.
In patients with an activated renin-angiotensin system, such as
volume- and/or salt-depleted patients (e.g., those receiving high doses of
diuretics), symptomatic hypotension may occur after initiation of MICARDIS
therapy. This condition should be corrected prior to administration of
MICARDIS tablets, and treatment should start under close medical supervision.
The most common adverse events occurring with MICARDIS tablets monotherapy
at a rate of 1% and greater than placebo, respectively, were: upper
respiratory tract infection (URTI) (7%, 6%), back pain (3%, 1%), sinusitis
(3%, 2%), diarrhea (3%, 2%), and pharyngitis (1%, 0%).
Please visit www.micardis.com for full Prescribing Information for
MICARDIS.
*Telmisartan Randomized AssessmeNt Study in ACE-iNtolerant subjects with
cardiovascular Disease
**ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global
Endpoint Trial
References
(1) Yusuf, S et al. Effects of the angiotensin-receptor blocker
telmisartan on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: a randomized controlled trial. The
Lancet. Published Online, August 31, 2008; DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61242-8.
(2) The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects
of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular
events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:145-53.
(3) The ONTARGET investigators. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in
patients at high risk for vascular events. N Eng J Med 2008; 358(15):1547-59.
(4) Israili ZH, Hall WD. Cough and angioedema associated with
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. A review of the literature
and pathophysiology. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117(3):234-42.
(5) Matchar DB, et al. Systematic Review: Comparative effectiveness of
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers
for treating essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148:16-29.
(6) Macaulay TE, Dunn SP. Cross-reactivity of ACE-inhibitor-induced
angioedema with ARBs. US Pharmacist 2007; 32 (2).
(7) Facts and Figures: World Health Report 2003. World Health
Organization
(8) The Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke 2004 World Health Organization
http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/resources/atlas/en/index.html
(9) World Health Organization, Cardiovascular Disease
http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/en/
(10) Levenson J. et al. Reducing the global burden of cardiovascular
disease: the role of risk factors. Preventative Cardiology, 2002; 5: 188-189.
(11) Thom T et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2006 update.
Circulation 2006; 113:e85-e151.
SOURCE Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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