NASA Data and Science Mag Doubts Existence of Cold Dark Matter in Galaxy Clusters

LOS ALTOS HILLS, Calif., Oct. 11 - A NASA Web site entitled "Dark Matter" provides information about dark matter and galaxy clusters that raises doubts about the existence of Cold Dark Matter in galaxy clusters.

The NASA Web site says, "The space between galaxies in clusters is filled with a hot gas. In fact, the gas is so hot (tens of millions of degrees!) that it shines in X-Rays instead of visible light." And, "Remarkably, it turns out there is five times more material in clusters of galaxies than we would expect from the galaxies and hot gas we can see."

These two statements seem to imply that there are some unanswered questions regarding the hot gas, X-ray emission, dark matter, and galaxy clusters. One such question might be whether these two statements taken together rule out the existence of Cold Dark Matter in galaxy clusters. An argument providing such evidence might proceed as follows:

If Cold Dark Matter were, as indicated by NASA, four times as plentiful as the mass of both the galaxies and the hot gas in a galaxy cluster and had to share the space between galaxies with the super-hot gas, how could the gas reach a temperature of "tens of millions of degrees"? Wouldn't a massive volume of Cold Dark Matter, occupying the same space and in intimate contact with the gas, cool the gas and prevent it from reaching such an extremely high temperature? Also, how could the Cold Dark Matter remain cold?

Also raising doubts about the existence of Cold Dark Matter is the scientific paper, "Seeing Through Dark Matter" by Professor Stacy McGaugh, in the Aug. 3 issue of Science Magazine. It ends with the sentence, "The universe may not be as cold and dark as we imagine." McGaugh also discusses another scientific paper, "Missing Mass in Collisional Debris from Galaxies" by Bournaud et al., published in the May 25 issue of Science.

McGaugh comments, "the observations of Bournaud et al. may pose an existential crisis for nonbaryonic [non-proton] dark matter." Note that the proponents of the theoretical Cold Dark Matter have been claiming for 23 years that it is comprised entirely of low-energy non-baryonic matter.

The May 25 paper provides significant scientific evidence supporting Relativistic-Proton Dark Matter, which has high energy and is baryonic. Its existence was first publicly predicted by Silicon Valley's inventor/scientist Jerome Drexler in his 2003 published book.

The May 25 paper's researchers' conclusion reads: "it more likely indicates that a substantial amount of dark matter resides within the disks of spiral galaxies. The most natural candidate is molecular hydrogen in some hard-to-trace form." (Science 25 May 2007 Vol.316, pp.1166-1169).

The researchers indicate that their conclusions disagree with the Cold Dark Matter theory that posits that there is no dark matter in the disks of spiral galaxies and also that dark matter is comprised of non-baryonic matter, which excludes hydrogen and protons.

On the other hand, in agreement with the paper's researchers' conclusion is Drexler's Relativistic-Proton Dark Matter which is posited to reside in the disks of spiral galaxies, as well as in their halos, essentially as a version of "hydrogen in some hard-to-trace form."

The May 25 Science paper establishes new constraints on the nature and location of dark matter in spiral galaxies and in recycled-from-debris dwarf galaxies. The paper carefully analyzes astronomical dark matter in a triplet of recycled dwarf galaxies formed from debris from the collision of two massive spiral galaxies. The Cold Dark Matter theory indicates that such recycled-from-debris dwarf galaxies should be free of non-baryonic dark matter.

It turns out that all three of the recycled dwarf galaxies were discovered to have twice as much dark matter as ordinary matter. The researchers were forced to conclude that the dark matter in debris-based dwarf galaxies must be baryonic (proton-based) since it could not be non-baryonic. They further concluded that the recycled dwarf galaxy's baryonic (proton) dark matter probably came from the disks of the colliding massive spiral galaxies.

The researchers' conclusion that the disks of spiral galaxies harbor "molecular hydrogen in some hard-to-trace-form" further opens the door of scientific acceptance to the Relativistic-Proton Dark Matter theory and cosmology that is described in two books published in 2003 and 2006 and in two scientific papers in 2005 and 2007, all authored by Jerome Drexler.

Drexler originated the five-year-old Relativistic-Proton Dark Matter theory and presented it to two astronomy/astrophysics professors at a University of California campus in April 2003. He then expanded his presentation to 108 tutorial slides and transformed it into a 156-page paperback book, "How Dark Matter Created Dark Energy and the Sun - An Astrophysics Detective Story," which was published Dec. 15, 2003.

Drexler followed this with a 295-page paperback book sequel entitled, "Comprehending and Decoding the Cosmos," published May 22, 2006 and sold by Universal Publishers, Amazon.com, Barnes&Noble.com and many other book sellers.The sequel focuses on "dark matter cosmology" and is now available in over 40 astronomy and physics university and observatory libraries around the world.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Jerome Drexler is a former NJIT Research Professor in physics at New Jersey Institute of Technology, founder and former Chairman and chief scientist of LaserCard Corp. (Nasdaq: LCRD) and former Member of the Technical Staff of Bell Laboratories. He has been awarded 76 U.S. patents, honorary Doctor of Science degrees from NJIT and Upsala College, a degree of Honorary Fellow of the Technion, an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship at Stanford University, a three-year Bell Labs graduate study fellowship, the 1990 "Inventor of the Year Award" for Silicon Valley and recognition as the inventor of the familiar "Laser Optical Storage System." He is a member of the NJIT Board of Overseers and an Honorary Life Member of the Technion Board of Governors.

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