Dark Matter's Identity Revealed by Deciphering 14 Cosmic Clues

LOS ALTOS HILLS, Calif., Sept. 5 (AScribe Newswire) - Dark matter's identity has been discovered through use of a cryptographic-like analysis of 14 constituents of the cosmos.

As a youth during wartime, Jerome Drexler learned how to decipher a 50-word encrypted message or a 50-word encrypted passage from Shakespeare. A decade later in graduate school, a course in Information Theory expanded his knowledge of cryptography.

Drexler has applied a cryptographic-like analysis for solving the mystery of the identity of dark matter (DM) of the universe. Instead of using a 50-word encrypted message to extract the secret code it contains, he used 14 carefully selected cosmic clues called cosmic constituents of the universe to extract the nature and identity of dark matter.

He had speculated that if dark matter represents 80 percent to 90 percent of the mass of the universe, dark matter should have roles, functions and an influence on most of these 14 cosmic constituents. Each type of dark matter proposed by scientists was subjected to 14 elimination tests as follows.

Drexler asked 14 rhetorical questions: Which type of dark matter (DM) particles could:

1. Form spherical dark matter halos around galaxies and DM halos around galaxy clusters?

2. Cause the accelerating expansion of the Universe and possibly store dark energy?

3. Be transformed into low velocity hydrogen, protons or proton cosmic rays?

4. Create the magnetic fields within and around spiral galaxies?

5. Be concentrated in the long large curved filaments of dark matter, announced by NASA on September 8, 2004, which form galaxy clusters where two DM filaments intersect?

6. Create large mature spiral galaxies less than 2.5 billion years after the Big Bang?

7. Create spherical DM halos having predictable outer and "hollow" core diameters?

8. Provide angular momentum to spiral galaxies and DM halos?

9. Create galaxies without a central DM density cusp?

10. Create a starless galaxy or a LSB dwarf galaxy with low star formation rates?

11. Lead to linearly rising rotation curves for LSB dwarf galaxies and to flat rotation curves for spiral galaxies?

12. Form 80 percent to 90 percent of the mass of the Universe, the remainder being hydrogen, helium, etc?

13. Ignite hydrogen fusion reactions of second generation stars utilizing hydrogen molecules and dust and ignite fusion reactions of the first generation stars with only hydrogen atoms?

14. Create the first "knee" at 3x1015 eV, the second "knee" between 1017 eV and 1018 eV and the "ankle" at 3x1018 eV of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum near the Earth?

    After careful study and analysis, Drexler concluded that galaxy-orbiting relativistic protons would provide many more affirmative answers to the 14 questions than any other known particle. Therefore relativistic-proton dark matter could be the identity of dark matter since it appears to have the strongest influence on and relationship with the 14 cosmic constituents.

    Relativistic-proton dark matter satisfies the three basic requirements of a dark matter candidate. Do such protons have sufficient mass? Yes, relativistic protons can have enormous mass. Have they ever been detected? Yes, relativistic protons bombard the earth every day and are called cosmic rays. Don't relativistic protons move too fast to form small galaxies? The protons can form small galaxies after the protons are slowed down by muon-producing collisions and synchrotron radiation losses and after the protons combine with the electrons created by the muon decay, thereby forming hydrogen.

    Since protons are electrically charged particles, they would be constrained by the galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields into circular orbits forming dark matter halos around galaxies and around galaxy clusters and also would be concentrated in long large curved filaments of dark matter. All three of these dark matter configurations have been detected by astronomers.

    Most of the above information was derived either from Drexler's May 2006 book or his 19-page scientific paper, "Identifying Dark Matter Through the Constraints Imposed by Fourteen Astronomically Based Cosmic Constituents," on the Cornell University Library's arXiv.gov website as e-print No. astro-ph/0504512.

    This astro-ph paper evolved into Drexler's 295-page May 2006 book, "Comprehending and Decoding the Cosmos" after further research and the inclusion of an additional 11 unexplained cosmic phenomena discovered or reported by various astronomers through early 2006. Utilizing the same relativistic proton dark matter candidate, Drexler explains in a plausible manner all 11 of these recently discovered cosmic mysteries, further supporting his proton dark matter candidate.

    Drexler's research has led not only to the identification of the dark matter but also to the discovery of the surprising and significant roles and functions of dark matter in creating spiral galaxies, stars, starburst galaxies, extreme ultraviolet synchrotron radiation, and the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays that bombard the Earth. Dark matter appears to be a very active and dynamic medium.

    Jerome Drexler, founder and retired Chairman of LaserCard Corporation (Nasdaq: LCRD) and former NJIT Research Professor in physics at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, began his career as a Member of the Technical Staff of Bell Laboratories. He has been granted 76 U.S. patents, two honorary Doctor of Science degrees, and an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship. He authored, "Comprehending and Decoding the Cosmos" in 2006 and "How Dark Matter Created Dark Energy and the Sun" in 2003.

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