Published: September 16, 2005
FDA Approves Remicade(R) as First and Only Biologic to Treat Ulcerative Colitis
Approval Marks Major Treatment Breakthrough for Patients With Debilitating Disease
Centocor, Inc. announced today that REMICADE®
(infliximab) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), making REMICADE the
first and only biologic approved for UC, a chronic inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD).
REMICADE is now indicated for reducing signs and symptoms, achieving
clinical remission and mucosal healing, and eliminating corticosteroid use
in patients with moderately to severely active UC who have had an
inadequate response to conventional therapy. This is an unprecedented
milestone in the treatment of moderate-to-severe UC; to date, no therapy
has ever been indicated for mucosal healing and eliminating the use of
corticosteroids.
"The approval of REMICADE for the treatment of UC represents a major
breakthrough for patients suffering from this often debilitating disease,"
said William J. Sandborn, M.D., professor of medicine, Mayo Clinic College
of Medicine and head of the IBD Interest Group and director of the IBD
Clinical Research Unit at Mayo Medical Center. "Not only did many patients
in clinical trials experience a significant reduction in the occurrence of
symptom flare-ups with REMICADE, some achieved clinical remission and
mucosal healing as well. This is welcome news for these patients whose
only option otherwise may have been surgery to remove their colons."
REMICADE's efficacy in the treatment of IBD is well established. First
approved in the United States for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) in
1998, REMICADE remains the only anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)
therapy indicated for the treatment of CD. With this new approval for the
treatment of ulcerative colitis, REMICADE is now the only biologic
indicated for the treatment of both types of inflammatory bowel diseases,
CD and UC.
In addition to UC and CD, REMICADE is also indicated for the treatment of
rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. More
than 600,000 patients have been treated with REMICADE worldwide. This new
approval for the treatment of UC continues to demonstrate the benefit of
REMICADE across immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
UC is a debilitating chronic disease affecting more than 500,000 Americans,
for whom there is no medical cure, and while UC affects more people in the
United States than multiple sclerosis or cystic fibrosis, general awareness
of the disease is lower. Characterized by inflammation and ulceration of
the inner lining of the colon, UC symptoms can often include unwanted
weight loss, severe -- sometimes uncontrollable -- bloody diarrhea, fatigue
and frequent abdominal pain. For some patients, symptoms may lead to
surgical removal of the colon or to secondary complications such as
colorectal cancer.
"We are optimistic that the use of a treatment like REMICADE will provide
many people with relief from the debilitating symptoms that have had such a
profound impact on their lives," said Rodger DeRose, president and CEO of
the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America. "Results from a recent patient
survey revealed that UC affects many aspects of people's lives, from their
relationships with families and employers to the ability to participate in
social activities."
Clinical Trial Information: ACT 1 and ACT 2
The approval of REMICADE is based on positive results seen in two
randomized, placebo-controlled pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials, ACT 1 and
ACT 2, which were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of REMICADE
in people with active, moderate-to-severe UC.
In each trial, 364 patients with active UC who were unresponsive to at
least one standard therapy -- including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants
or 5-ASAs -- were enrolled. Patients in ACT 1 and ACT 2 had evidence of
moderate or severe UC (total Mayo score of 6 to 12 and an endoscopy score
greater than or equal to 2). In both trials, patients were randomized to
receive placebo or REMICADE 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg. ACT 1 patients received
the study agent at weeks 0, 2 and 6 and then every 8 weeks through week 46
and had their last evaluations at week 54. ACT 2 patients received the
study agent at weeks 0, 2 and 6 and then every 8 weeks through week 22 and
had their last evaluations at week 30.
In ACT 1, significantly higher proportions of patients receiving REMICADE 5
mg/kg (69 percent) and 10 mg/kg (62 percent) achieved clinical response at
week 8 versus placebo-treated patients (37 percent; P < 0.001 for both).
In addition, at week 30, 52 percent of patients in the 5 mg/kg and 51
percent of patients in the 10 mg/kg REMICADE treatment group were in
clinical response versus 30 percent of placebo-treated patients (P < 0.001
and P < 0.01, respectively). At week 8, 39 percent and 32 percent of
patients treated with REMICADE 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively, were in
clinical remission compared to 15 percent of placebo-treated patients (P <
0.001 and P < 0.01). These differences in remission rates persisted at week
30 (34 percent, 5 mg/kg; 37 percent, 10 mg/kg versus 16 percent, placebo; P
< 0.001 for both). Mucosal healing was achieved at week 8 in 62 percent and
59 percent of patients receiving REMICADE 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg,
respectively, versus 34 percent of placebo-treated patients (P < 0.001).
This difference in mucosal healing was maintained at week 30 (50 percent, 5
mg/kg; 49 percent, 10 mg/kg versus 25 percent, placebo; P < 0.001 for
both). The proportion of patients who were able to discontinue
corticosteroids while in clinical remission at week 30 was greater in both
REMICADE groups compared to the placebo group (24 percent, 5 mg/kg; 19
percent, 10 mg/kg; 10 percent, placebo; P=0.030 and P=0.125, respectively).
In ACT 2, significantly higher proportions of patients receiving REMICADE 5
mg/kg (65 percent) and 10 mg/kg (69 percent) were in clinical response at
week 8 versus 29 percent who received placebo (P < 0.001 for both). At week
30, 47 percent of patients receiving REMICADE 5 mg/kg and 60 percent
receiving 10 mg/kg were in clinical response versus 26 percent of patients
receiving placebo (P < 0.001 for both). Clinical remission was achieved at
week 8 in 34 percent and 28 percent of REMICADE 5 and 10 mg/kg patients,
respectively, compared to 6 percent of placebo-treated patients (P < 0.001
for both). Differences in remission rates persisted at week 30 (26 percent,
5 mg/kg; 36 percent, 10 mg/kg; 11 percent, placebo; P < 0.01 and P <
0.001). Mucosal healing was achieved at week 8 in 60 percent and 62 percent
of patients receiving REMICADE 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively, compared
to 31 percent of placebo-treated patients (P < 0.001 for both). Mucosal
healing at week 30 was achieved in 46 percent and 57 percent of patients
receiving REMICADE 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively, compared to 30 percent of
placebo-treated patients (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001). The proportion of
patients who were able to discontinue corticosteroids while in clinical
remission at week 30 was significantly greater in both REMICADE groups
compared with the placebo group (18 percent, 5 mg/kg; 27 percent, 10 mg/kg;
3 percent, placebo; P=0.010 and P < 0.001, respectively).
The serious adverse events reported in these trials were similar to those
reported in previous REMICADE clinical trials. (See Important Safety
Information below).
About REMICADE
REMICADE is the global market leader among anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNF-alpha) therapies and the only agent approved for the treatment of both
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and CD in North America, the EU and Japan.
In the U.S., REMICADE, in combination with methotrexate, is indicated for
reducing signs and symptoms, inhibiting the progression of structural
damage and improving physical function in patients with moderately to
severely active RA. REMICADE is the only biologic indicated for the
treatment of patients with moderately-to-severely active CD who have had an
inadequate response to conventional therapy. REMICADE is also indicated
for reducing the number of draining enterocutaneous and rectovaginal
fistulas and maintaining fistula closure in patients with fistulizing CD.
In December 2004, REMICADE was approved for the treatment of active
ankylosing spondylitis in the U.S. On May 13, 2005, REMICADE was approved
for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.
REMICADE is unique among available anti-TNF biologic therapies. Unlike
self-administered therapies that require patients to inject themselves
frequently, REMICADE is the only anti-TNF biologic administered directly by
caregivers in the clinic or office setting. In RA and CD, REMICADE is a
two-hour infusion administered every 8 weeks, following a standard
induction regimen that requires treatment at weeks 0, 2 and 6. As a result,
REMICADE patients may require as few as six treatments each year. In
ankylosing spondylitis, REMICADE is a two-hour infusion (5 mg/kg)
administered every 6 weeks, following a standard induction regimen that
requires treatment at weeks 0, 2, and 6. The safety and efficacy of
REMICADE have been well established in clinical trials over the past 12
years and through commercial experience with over a half-million patients
treated worldwide.
Important Safety Information
Many people with heart failure should not take REMICADE; so prior to
treatment you should discuss any heart condition with your doctor. Tell
your doctor right away if you develop new or worsening symptoms of heart
failure (such as shortness of breath or swelling of your ankles or feet).
There are reports of serious infections, including tuberculosis (TB),
sepsis and pneumonia. Some of these infections have been fatal. Tell your
doctor if you have had recent or past exposure to people with TB. Your
doctor will evaluate you for TB and perform a skin test. If you have latent
(inactive) TB, your doctor should begin TB treatment before you start
REMICADE. REMICADE can lower your ability to fight infections, so if you
are prone to or have a history of infections, or develop any signs of an
infection such as fever, fatigue, cough, or the flu while taking REMICADE,
tell your doctor right away. Also tell your doctor if you have lived in a
region where histoplasmosis or coccidioidomycosis is common.
There have been rare cases of serious liver injury in people taking
REMICADE, some fatal. Contact your doctor immediately if you develop
symptoms such as jaundice (yellow skin and eyes), dark brown urine,
right-sided abdominal pain, fever, or severe fatigue.
Blood disorders have been reported, some fatal. Tell your doctor if you
develop possible signs of blood disorders such as persistent fever,
bruising, bleeding, or paleness while taking REMICADE. Nervous system
disorders have also been reported. Tell your doctor if you have or have had
a disease that affects the nervous system, or if you experience any
numbness, weakness, tingling, or visual disturbances while taking REMICADE.
Reports of a type of blood cancer called lymphoma in patients on REMICADE
or other TNF blockers are rare but occur more often than expected for
people in general. People who have been treated for rheumatoid arthritis,
Crohn's disease, ankylosing spondylitis, or psoriatic arthritis for a long
time, particularly those with highly active disease may be more prone to
develop lymphoma. Cancers, other than lymphoma, have also been reported. If
you take REMICADE or other TNF blockers, your risk for developing lymphoma
or other cancers may increase. You should also tell your doctor if you have
had or develop lymphoma or other cancers while you are taking REMICADE.
Serious infusion reactions have been reported with REMICADE, including
hives, difficulty breathing, and low blood pressure. Reactions have
occurred during or after infusions. In clinical studies, some people
experienced the following common side effects: respiratory infections (that
may include sinus infections and sore throat), coughing, and stomach pain
or mild reactions to infusion such as rash or itchy skin.
Please read important information about REMICADE, including full
prescribing information at www.remicade.com.
About Centocor
Centocor is harnessing the power of world-leading research and
biomanufacturing to deliver innovative biomedicines that transform
patients' lives. Centocor has already brought innovation to the treatment
of Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and
psoriatic arthritis.
The world leader in monoclonal antibody production and technology, Centocor
has brought critical biologic therapies to patients suffering from
debilitating immune disorders. Centocor, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary
of Johnson & Johnson, a worldwide manufacturer of healthcare products.
Centocor discovered REMICADE and has exclusive marketing rights to the
product in the United States. Schering-Plough Corporation has rights to
market REMICADE in all countries outside of the United States, except in
Japan and parts of the Far East where Tanabe Seiyaku, Ltd. markets the
product.
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